[ASSIGNMENT 2] Active/Passive

Active/Passive Verb Forms

Sentences can be active or passive. Therefore, tenses also have “active forms” and “passive forms”. You must learn to recognize the different to successfully speak English.

ACTIVE FORM

In active sentences, the thing doing the action is the subject of the sentence and the thing receiving the action is the object. Most sentences are active.

[ Thing doing action ] + [ verb ] + [ thing receiving action ]

Examples :

The professor               teaches       the students.

(Subject doing action)         (verb)              (object receiving action)

PASSIVE FORM

In passive sentences, the thing receiving the action is the subject of the sentence and the thing doing the action is optionally included near the end of the sentence. You can use the passive form if you think that the thing receiving the action is more important or should be emphasized. You can also use the passive form if you do not know who is doing the action or if you do not want to mention who is doing the action.

[ Thing receiving action ] + [ be ] + [ past participle of verb ] + [ by ] + [ thing doing action ]

Examples :

The students                    are taught                  by the professor.

(Subject receiving action)          (passive verb)                    (doing action)     

 

ACTIVE / PASSIVE OVERVIEW

	Active	Passive
Simple Present	Once a week, Tom cleans the house.	Once a week, the house is cleaned by Tom.
Present Continuous	Right now, Sarah is writing the letter.	Right now, the letter is being written by Sarah.
Simple Past	Sam repaired the car.	The car was repaired by Sam.
Past Continuous	The salesman was helping the customer when the thief came into the store.	The customer was being helped by the salesman when the thief came into the store.
Present Perfect	Many tourists have visited that castle.	That castle has been visited by many tourists.
Present Perfect Continuous	Recently, John has been doing the work.	Recently, the work has been being done by John.
Past Perfect	George had repaired many cars before he received his mechanic's license.	Many cars had been repaired by George before he received his mechanic's license.
Past Perfect Continuous	Chef Jones had been preparing the restaurant's fantastic dinners for two years before he moved to Paris.	The restaurant's fantastic dinners had been being prepared by Chef Jones for two years before he moved to Paris.
Simple Future will	Someone will finish the work by 5:00 PM.	The work will be finished by 5:00 PM.
Simple Future be going to	Sally is going to make a beautiful dinner tonight.	A beautiful dinner is going to be made by Sally tonight.
Future Continuous will	At 8:00 PM tonight, John will be washing the dishes.	At 8:00 PM tonight, the dishes will be being washed by John.
Future Continuous be going to	At 8:00 PM tonight, John is going to be washing the dishes.	At 8:00 PM tonight, the dishes are going to be being washed by John.
Future Perfect will	They will have completed the project before the deadline.	The project will have been completed before the deadline.
Future Perfect be going to	They are going to have completed the project before the deadline.	The project is going to have been completed before the deadline.
Future Perfect Continuous will	The famous artist will have been painting the mural for over six months by the time it is finished.	The mural will have been being painted by the famous artist for over six months by the time it is finished.
Future Perfect Continuous be going to	The famous artist is going to have been painting the mural for over six months by the time it is finished.	The mural is going to have been being painted by the famous artist for over six months by the time it is finished.
Used to	Jerry used to pay the bills.	The bills used to be paid by Jerry.
Would Always	My mother would always make the pies.	The pies would always be made by my mother.
Future in the Past Would	I knew John would finish the work by 5:00 PM.	I knew the work would be finished by 5:00 PM.
Future in the Past Was Going to	I thought Sally was going to make a beautiful dinner tonight.	I thought a beautiful dinner was going to be made by Sally tonight.

      

[REVIEW] Restless

Restless

Restless -- 2011

Drama/Romance (91 minutes)

Directed by : Gus van Sant

Written by : Jason Lew

Starring : Henry Hopper, Mia Wasikowska

Ini tulisan review perdana saya. Ah, maaf-maaf saja jika tulisan ini sama sekali tidak menggairahkan atau membuat kalian mengerutkan dahi. Jika sudah begitu, satu-satunya solusi segera tinggalkan tulisan ini. Dan lupakan. Saya jamin hidup kalian akan normal kembali. Oke.

Menonton film drama-romance  berdurasi kurang-lebih 91 menit ini tanpa ekspektasi apa-apa. Mengetahuinya pun, ketika disalah satu forum menyebut film ini salah satu yang masuk kategori underrated.  Singkatnya, saya kemudian tertarik.

(…dan saya pun kemudian tertangkap basah tidak pernah mengecek filmography maupun biography dari sutradara Gus Van Sant. Silahkan sematkan saya penyuka-film-karbitan, atau movie-freak-jejadian atau terserah.)

Maaf sekali lagi, saya jadi tak jelas begini.

Ada Enoch Brae (Harry Hopper), pemuda yang memiliki kebiasaan aneh, mengunjungi acara pemakaman orang yang tidak dikenalnya. Ia juga tidak dan tak mau bersekolah,  sehingga bisa dibilang ia hanya berteman dengan Hiroshi (Ryo Kase), hantu pilot Jepang yang mati karena misi-bunuh-diri “Kamikaze” Jepang terhadap Sekutu sewaktu Perang Dunia Ke-II.

Enoch bertemu dengan Annabel Cotton (Mia Wasikowska), seorang pemudi pengidap kanker otak yang hidupnya sudah divonis tersisa 3 bulan. Mereka berdua bertemu diacara pemakaman teman Annabel, kebetulan saat itu Enoch sedang melaksanakan kebiasaan anehnya itu. Berlatar belakang sisa hidup Annabel itu, mereka berdua sepakat untuk melakukan hal-hal yang bisa dibilang merubah hari-hari mereka berdua.

Chemistry yang kuat bisa dibilang adalah formula wajib disebuah film bergenre drama-romance. Di film ini, saya pribadi mengklaim itu terwujud. Hubungan yang realistis dikedua tokoh utamanya disetir oleh dialog-dialog easy  dari penulis naskah film perdana Jason Lew menjadikan film ini sudah memiliki formula wajib itu. Belum lagi saya pribadi sangat menikmati tone film yang dihadirkan. Memberi nilai plus untuk tiap scene-nya.

Sub-plot disini, bisa dibilang minim. Dan memang film ini terlihat fokus terhadap dua tokoh utamanya saja. Sehingga saya pribadi sedikit kecewa mengenai bagaimana Gus Van Sant menyajikan hubungan Enoch dengan sang bibinya, Mabel (Jane Adams). Ya, saya bisa bilang kurang tergali. Malahan, sang bibi hanya muncul 2 atau 3 kali di film ini. Dan itu hanya dalam waktu yang singkat. Padahal sang bibi mempunyai andil besar pada latar belakang karakter Enoch.

Pun begitu, secara keseluruhan, dalam opini saya, Restless ini sebuah film yang cukup dengan mudah saya nikmati. Chemistry kuat yang dilahirkan dari kisahnya yang sederhana. Kedua tokoh utamanya yang bermain cukup baik. Dialog-dialognya yang “enteng”, soundtrack, tone, dan terutama scoringnya yang baik sepanjang film berlangsung. Plus karakter Enoch yang saya bilang rumit ini. Ah, saya selalu suka karakter seperti Enoch ini, terdengar subjektif ya? Biarlah, toh penilaian sebuah film memang bersifat personal, bukan?